Rota Defteri
Rota Defteri
Continent Guide

Europe

Europe brings together Mediterranean coastlines, Nordic landscapes, historic capitals and highly varied cultures within relatively short travel distances.

Countries

55

active countries

Cities

8,661

listed cities

Population

834.6M

combined country population

Area

23,954,459 km

combined listed area

Capitals

55

capital cities

Continent Guide

Explore Europe

A continent of history, art, food and diverse cultures

Europe may be relatively compact geographically, but its historical and cultural influence is enormous. Ancient civilizations, medieval states, trading cities and modern nations have created an exceptionally layered destination.

Cities such as Rome, Paris, London, Istanbul, Madrid, Berlin, Prague, Vienna and Amsterdam offer dramatically different architectural, culinary and cultural experiences.

One of Europe's greatest travel advantages is its transportation network. High-speed rail, regional trains, short-haul flights and extensive urban public transportation make multi-country itineraries practical.

By the numbers

Europe by the numbers

Most populous country

🇷🇺Russia

146M

Russia is the continent's most populous country based on the available country data. Its major metropolitan areas represent an important share of Europe's population.

Largest country by area

🇷🇺Russia

17,098,242 km

Russia is the largest country in Europe by recorded area. Its geographic scale can produce substantial differences in landscape and climate within the same country.

Smallest country by area

🇻🇦Vatican City

0 km

Vatican City is the smallest listed country on the continent by area. Its physical size does not necessarily reflect its historical or cultural significance.

Most populous city

🇹🇷Istanbul

15.7M

Istanbul is the most populous listed city in Europe according to the current city population data and is located in Türkiye.

01

Geography

Geography and landscapes

Avrupa'nın kuzeyinde fiyortlar, tundra ve geniş ormanlık alanlar; merkezinde ovalar, nehir havzaları ve Alp kuşağı; güneyinde ise Akdeniz ikliminin hâkim olduğu kıyılar ve adalar bulunur.

Alpler, Pireneler, Karpatlar ve Balkan dağ sistemleri kıtanın doğal karakterini belirleyen başlıca yükseltilerdendir. Ren, Tuna, Volga ve Seine gibi nehirler ise tarih boyunca hem yerleşim hem ticaret açısından önemli koridorlar oluşturmuştur.

02

Culture

Culture, art and food

Avrupa'da antik dönem kalıntılarından Gotik katedrallere, Rönesans saraylarından modern mimariye kadar çok geniş bir tarihsel katman görülebilir. Dünyanın önde gelen sanat müzelerinin, opera salonlarının ve tarihi kent merkezlerinin önemli bir bölümü bu kıtadadır.

Gastronomi de bölgeden bölgeye önemli ölçüde değişir. Akdeniz mutfağı, Orta Avrupa'nın et ve hamur işi geleneği, skandinav mutfağı, Balkan lezzetleri ve Atlantik kıyılarının deniz ürünleri aynı kıta içerisinde çok farklı deneyimler yaratır.

03

Travel

Travel in Europe

İlk kez Avrupa'ya giden gezginler için birkaç büyük şehri hızlı biçimde gezmek yerine birbirine yakın şehirlerden oluşan bölgesel rotalar daha dengeli bir deneyim sunabilir.

Büyük şehirlerde toplu taşıma genellikle güçlüdür. Şehirler arası yolculuklarda tren özellikle Batı ve Orta Avrupa'da önemli bir seçenektir. Daha uzak noktalar ve adalar için hava yolu bağlantıları öne çıkar.

04

Climate

Climate and when to visit

Avrupa'da tek bir seyahat sezonundan söz etmek zordur. Güney Avrupa yaz aylarında deniz tatili için öne çıkarken ilkbahar ve sonbahar şehir gezileri için daha ılıman koşullar sunabilir.

Kuzey Avrupa yaz aylarında uzun günler ve daha yumuşak sıcaklıklarla dikkat çeker. Kış döneminde ise Noel pazarları, kayak merkezleri ve kuzey ışıkları gibi mevsimsel deneyimler öne çıkar.

What kind of trip does it offer?

01

History & Architecture

Ancient ruins, medieval centers, palaces, castles and centuries of urban history.

02

Art & Museums

World-class collections, opera houses and contemporary cultural institutions.

03

Nature

The Alps, fjords, lakes, national parks and dramatic coastal routes.

04

Food

Distinct regional cuisines ranging from the Mediterranean to Scandinavia.

Get inspired

Different sides of Europe

Europe makes it possible to combine history, art, coastlines, mountains and food within remarkably varied itineraries.

Follow history

Ancient cities, medieval streets, palaces and monumental squares create journeys through thousands of years of history.

Mediterranean life

Sunny coastlines, historic ports, islands and food culture give southern Europe a distinctive rhythm.

Mountains and the north

From the Alps to Norwegian fjords, Europe's natural side extends far beyond its famous cities.

Countries

All countries on the continent

Explore countries, capitals, populations and cities, then continue directly to each country guide.

🇷🇺RU

Russia

Capital: Moscow

Population

146M

Cities

1108 cities

Explore country
🇹🇷TR

Türkiye

Capital: Ankara

Population

86.1M

Cities

431 cities

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🇩🇪DE

Germany

Capital: Berlin

Population

83.5M

Cities

1140 cities

Explore country
🇫🇷FR

France

Capital: Paris

Population

69.1M

Cities

692 cities

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🇬🇧GB

United Kingdom

Capital: London

Population

66.9M

Cities

866 cities

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🇮🇹IT

Italy

Capital: Rome

Population

58.9M

Cities

661 cities

Explore country
🇪🇸ES

Spain

Capital: Madrid

Population

49.8M

Cities

735 cities

Explore country
🇵🇱PL

Poland

Capital: Warsaw

Population

37.2M

Cities

363 cities

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🇺🇦UA

Ukraine

Capital: Kyiv

Population

28.7M

Cities

400 cities

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🇷🇴RO

Romania

Capital: Bucharest

Population

19M

Cities

134 cities

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🇳🇱NL

Netherlands

Capital: Amsterdam

Population

18.2M

Cities

251 cities

Explore country
🇧🇪BE

Belgium

Capital: Brussels

Population

11.9M

Cities

223 cities

Explore country
🇵🇹PT

Portugal

Capital: Lisbon

Population

11.4M

Cities

179 cities

Explore country
🇨🇿CZ

Czechia

Capital: Prague

Population

10.9M

Cities

124 cities

Explore country
🇸🇪SE

Sweden

Capital: Stockholm

Population

10.6M

Cities

111 cities

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🇬🇷GR

Greece

Capital: Athens

Population

10.4M

Cities

118 cities

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🇦🇿AZ

Azerbaijan

Capital: Baku

Population

10.3M

Cities

65 cities

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🇭🇺HU

Hungary

Capital: Budapest

Population

9.5M

Cities

139 cities

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🇦🇹AT

Austria

Capital: Vienna

Population

9.2M

Cities

66 cities

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🇨🇭CH

Switzerland

Capital: Bern

Population

9.2M

Cities

95 cities

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🇧🇾BY

Belarus

Capital: Minsk

Population

9.1M

Cities

56 cities

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🇷🇸RS

Serbia

Capital: Belgrade

Population

6.5M

Cities

51 cities

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🇧🇬BG

Bulgaria

Capital: Sofia

Population

6.4M

Cities

56 cities

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🇩🇰DK

Denmark

Capital: Copenhagen

Population

6M

Cities

65 cities

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🇫🇮FI

Finland

Capital: Helsinki

Population

5.7M

Cities

103 cities

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🇳🇴NO

Norway

Capital: Oslo

Population

5.6M

Cities

42 cities

Explore country
🇮🇪IE

Ireland

Capital: Dublin

Population

5.5M

Cities

43 cities

Explore country
🇸🇰SK

Slovakia

Capital: Bratislava

Population

5.4M

Cities

61 cities

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🇭🇷HR

Croatia

Capital: Zagreb

Population

3.9M

Cities

26 cities

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🇧🇦BA

Bosnia & Herzegovina

Capital: Sarajevo

Population

3.4M

Cities

23 cities

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🇱🇹LT

Lithuania

Capital: Vilnius

Population

2.9M

Cities

36 cities

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🇲🇩MD

Moldova

Capital: Chișinău

Population

2.4M

Cities

22 cities

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🇦🇱AL

Albania

Capital: Tirana

Population

2.3M

Cities

25 cities

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🇸🇮SI

Slovenia

Capital: Ljubljana

Population

2.1M

Cities

9 cities

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🇲🇰MK

North Macedonia

Capital: Skopje

Population

1.8M

Cities

38 cities

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🇱🇻LV

Latvia

Capital: Riga

Population

1.8M

Cities

15 cities

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🇽🇰XK

Kosovo

Capital: Pristina

Population

1.6M

Cities

21 cities

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🇪🇪EE

Estonia

Capital: Tallinn

Population

1.4M

Cities

15 cities

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🇨🇾CY

Cyprus

Capital: Nicosia

Population

983K

Cities

15 cities

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🇱🇺LU

Luxembourg

Capital: Luxembourg

Population

691K

Cities

3 cities

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🇲🇪ME

Montenegro

Capital: Podgorica

Population

622.9K

Cities

8 cities

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🇲🇹MT

Malta

Capital: Valletta

Population

588.3K

Cities

7 cities

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🇮🇸IS

Iceland

Capital: Reykjavik

Population

396.5K

Cities

6 cities

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🇯🇪JE

Jersey

Capital: Saint Helier

Population

104.5K

Cities

1 cities

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🇦🇩AD

Andorra

Capital: Andorra la Vella

Population

90K

Cities

2 cities

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🇮🇲IM

Isle of Man

Capital: Douglas

Population

84.5K

Cities

1 cities

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🇬🇬GG

Guernsey

Capital: St. Peter Port

Population

64.8K

Cities

1 cities

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🇫🇴FO

Faroe Islands

Capital: Tórshavn

Population

56.2K

Cities

1 cities

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🇱🇮LI

Liechtenstein

Capital: Vaduz

Population

41.2K

Cities

1 cities

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🇲🇨MC

Monaco

Capital: Monaco

Population

38.9K

Cities

2 cities

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🇬🇮GI

Gibraltar

Capital: Gibraltar

Population

38.2K

Cities

1 cities

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🇸🇲SM

San Marino

Capital: City of San Marino

Population

34.2K

Cities

1 cities

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🇦🇽AX

Åland Islands

Capital: Mariehamn

Population

30.7K

Cities

1 cities

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🇸🇯SJ

Svalbard & Jan Mayen

Capital: Longyearbyen

Population

2.6K

Cities

1 cities

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🇻🇦VA

Vatican City

Capital: Vatican City

Population

882

Cities

1 cities

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